Counting system for printed material

ABSTRACT

A typewriter or any other device that will set up lines of type or printed matter, is mounted on a base board, housing essential electrical equipment and recording meters, which are adapted, in conjunction with the mechanical operations of the typing machine, to register, stroke by stroke of the typing device, a precise analysis of the production of typed material for any selected project.

United States Patent 1191 Chaskin Mar. 5, 1974 [54] COUNTING SYSTEM FOR PRINTED 2,421,681 6/1947 Chaskin 235/102 MATERIAL 2,421,683 6/1947 Chaskin 235/102 Inventor: Harold Chaskin, 131 Bennett Ave.,

New York, NY. 10033 [22] Filed: July 11, 1972 [21] Appl. No.1 270,804

[52] US. Cl. 235/102 [51] Int. Cl B4lj 9/24 [58] Field of Search 235/102 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,297,180 9/1942 Walsh 235/102 Primary Examiner-Stephen J. Tomsky Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Daniel Jay Tick [57] ABSTRACT A typewriter or any other device that will set up lines of type or printed matter, is mounted on a base board, housing essential electrical equipment and recording meters, which are adapted, in conjunction with the mechanical operations of the typing machine, to register, stroke by stroke of the typing device, a precise analysis of the production of typed material for any selected project.

14 Claims, 15 Drawing Figures PAINTED 3.795.191

SHEET I BF 7 F/G.3 VIEW ON LINE ,4 -,4

F/G,4 VIEW ON LINE B -5 F/G.5 VIEW ONL/NE c-c PAIENTE-U 51974 SHEET 3 OF 7 TWO POSITIONS 0F SH 51.5w: TION 0F PLA TEN SW.

PATENTEW SHEET a 0? 7 FIG. 8

PLAN wen or HYPHEN SWITCH CUT-AWAY wzw 0F ELEVATION FIG.

VIEW OF ELEVA TOR FIG. /0

FA BR/CA 'r/0/v PLAN PAIENTEU 51914 3.795.797

sum 5 OF 7 Li BO, 8 TmLil l-j wzw ON LINE 0-0 COUNTING SYSTEM FOR PRINTED MATERIAL The present invention relates to a definite plan for adapting any typewriter or other device for typing printed matter to a supporting base, which will have suitable means for adjustment 'to whatever machine is selected for recording of typed material.

The principal object of the invention is to make possible a determination of the quantity of paper that will be required for a planned publication.

Before a press is set up, all information to be published must be given in typed form to a linotype operator for preparation of the cast strips of assembled type, which, when placed in their proper order, will constitute the publication.

Toward achieving this end, an object of the invention is to establish a precise count of the total number of symbols, consisting of all letters, figures, punctuation marks and any other characters that may enter a printed publication.

Another object of the invention is to record, on a suitable meter, the total number of words to be printed.

Still another object of the invention is to indicate on another electric meter the total number of lines of which all the printed matter is composed.

A fourth object of the invention is to establish on a fourth meter the total number of blank spaces occurring between the printed words.

In order that the supporting base may be made compatible with any typing device, built-in means are provided, so that, with proper adjustments, and, the addition of suitable parts, the system will function with any selected machine.

In order that the invention may be carried readily into effect, it will be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a partial plan of a typewriter, mounted on its supporting base;

FIG. 2 is a front elevation of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view taken on line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a view taken on line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a view taken on line CC of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an elevation showing the relationship between a photoelectric unit and its controlling shutter;

FIG. 7 is an elevation of a microswitch assembly, showing the trigger, 37, which is tripped by the platen in starting a new line of type;

FIG. 8 is a plan view ofa switch, operated on depressing, the hyphen key of the typewriter;

FIG. 9 is an elevation of FIG. 8, showing a cut-away view of the hyphen switch; 7

FIG. 10 is a fabrication plan of the only metallic part of the switch housing;

FIG. 11 is an elevation view of the elevator designed to make adjustable the height of the switch;

FIG. 12 is an elevation of the hyphen switch, showing its arrangement with the hyphen key and the adjusting guide markers;

FIG. 13 is a transverse view of FIG. 12, indicating means for alignment in the second direction;

FIG. 14 is half of the wiring diagram of the electric circuit, and;

FIG. 15 is the other half of the circuit, both parts of which can be read easily by placing side by side as suggested on the drawings.

A typewriter, 1, is placed on the pedestals, 2 and 3, each of which is attached to the base boards, 4, 5 and 6, with the left pedestal rigidly fixed to an adjusting board, 226. Slotted holes, 15 and 16 and the adjustment bolts, 13 and 14, make possible the desired positioning of the selected typing device on the base board.

Other identifiable parts, by number, include the spacer bar, 7, seen in FIGS. 1, and 2, one of the controlling shutters, 8, which is mounted by appropriate means to the left lever of the spacer bar, 7, also seen in FIG. 5, the spacer bar electronic transmitter-receiver unit 9, housing a beam source 9a and a phototube 9b (FIGS. 3 and 5), a cubicle, 10, housing the transmitterreceiver unit, 9, and, directly opposite to the cubicle, 10, a reflector, 11, housed in the cubicle, 12.

The transmitter-receiver unit, 9, housed in the cubicle, 10, has, on its base, a tongued projection, 17, which fits into a groove, 18, cut in the board, 226, to which the pedestal, 2, is attached, rigidly.

A cover-plate, 19, protects the transmitter-receiver unit, 9, and is shown clearly in FIG. 3. Similarly, a cover-plate, 20, will shield the reflector, 11, housed in the cubicle, 12.

In the left pedestal, 2, another transmitter-receiver unit, 21, is housed in the cubicle, 22, and provided with a cover-plate, 23. This unit, 21, also is adjustable for position, having the same tongued projection, 17, which fits into the groove, 18, as in the previous description. The transmitter-receiver unit 21 comprises a transmitter or light or beam source 210 and a phototube 211; (FIGS. 3 and 6).

Also for adjusting facility, the two removable windows, 224 and 225 enable hand-positioning of the transmitter-receiver units with respect to their operating shutters, 8 and 48, which are shown in FIG. 14.

Among other identifiable part numbers are the spacer bar, 7, an adjustable base baord, 24, for the hyphen switch housing 29 shown in FIG. 8.

The adjusting screws 30 and 31, rigidly attached to the base-board 6, permit adjustment of the position of the switch, by virtue of the over-sized holes 34 and 35 in the supporting board 24 and the large washers, 32 and 33.

I Facing the cubicle 22 in FIG. 1, there is a fourth cubicle 26, cut in the right pedestal 3, and housing the reflector 25 covered by a plate 27.

The hyphen switch 29 is shown in FIG. 12 in relation to the typewriter key 28. v

In the microswitch assembly, shown in FIG. 7, the parts are the switch 36, its trigger 37, an insulator 38, the housing 39, the adjusting screw assembly 40, the bracket 41, with its slotted holes 42, the plastic mount 43 and the slotted holes 200 for vertical adjustment.

The view of the platen has been omitted from this description since it is described in the three previous typewriter counter patents of the present inventor, US. Pat. Nos. 2,421,681; 2,421,682 and 2,421,683.

Other parts are any typewriter key 44, the ribbon advance bar 45, seen in FIG. 6, the mount 47, attached to the pivot 46, theshutter 48, positioned on its mount 47, and, anangle of rotation, bearing an identity number 49.

For continued identification, FIGS. 14 and 15, placed, side by side will be found most convenient in this procedure.

A connecting electrical conductor or cord 50, for attaching the baseboard unit to power outlet 51 and the pronged inlet 52, sets up the assembly for operation.

Two additional outlets, 62 and 75, provide connections for the transformers, 63 and 76, of the respective electronic control packs, 65 and 78.

Each control pack has a pilot light, their numbers being 69 and 82.

1 Also shown are the respective relays in the control packs, their identifying numbers being 88 and 155.

The hyphen switch 29 is shown as a make-contact arrangement, though, the two springs do not make contact with each other, but are bridged by a metal conductor, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12.

The switch 29 requires, for its purpose, virtually, instantaneous contact to satisfy the conditions of the re quired circuit.

In order to prevent a premature word count, as will be explained in greater detail in the analysis of the circuits, a specially designed hypen switch is required to set -up a locking circuit for a selected hyphen relay to abort any action by the microswitch or the second control pack to terminate a word count during the typing of a hyphenated word.

Also, an accidental depressing of the spacer bar, which, normally, would terminate a word count, at this time would be most undesirable.

Similarly, under normal conditions, a word count, terminated by shifting the platen or starting a new line of type, would have to be forestalled for the same reason.

lt-was found that one way to accomplish this aim I would be to tie the locking of the selected hyphen relay to the operation of the relay 88 in the electronic control pack 78.

Because the /2 inch stroke of a typewriter key precludes the use of a microswitch, the hyphen switch 29 provides the desired solution.

Since any typewriter key will cause the shutter 48 to permit passage of the light beam from the transmitter to the reflector, the complication arises when the hyphen key is depressed.

Because it was found most suitable to tie the locking circuit of the selected relay to the released position of the electronic relay 88 in the control pack 78, and, since the operation of any typewriter key, including the hyphen key, would energize the relay 88, the problem evolved into a consideration of the respective time periods of operation of the relay and switch.

If the-cycle of operation of the hyphen switch 29 could be made to overlap that of the relay 88, the required locking of the hyphen relay 181 would be assured.

Thus, if the hyphen key is depressed just 1/16 inch in its 'r inch downstroke, the hyphen switch 29 would start the operating circuit of the selected relay 181, shown in FIG. 15.

, During this portion of the down-stroke of the hyphen key 28, the controlling shutter 48 would not yet be in an effective position to cause the energizing of the transmitter-receiver unit 21. Hence, the hyphen switch 29 automatically will have achieved an overlapping cycle of operation, since, on the upstroke, its electrical contacts wouldbe broken after the break-contacts of the relay 88 have been restored to a closed position.

In FIGS. 12 and 13, the details indicate the close proximity of the bridging element 213 to the switch springs 177 and 178. Poised just above the slotted hole opening 218 in the roof of the housing of the hyphen switch 29, with the adjusting bracket, the bridge can be positioned to provide the desired minimum gap, by means of the adjuster 211. In FIG. 13, the bridge 213 is shown about to make contact with the springs 177 and 178. The adjusting assembly is attached to the hyphen key 28 by means of the clamping device 210.

The guide arrows, 214 and 215, in FIG. 12, and 216 and 217, in FIG. 13, in conjunction with the bolts 30 and 31, in FIG. 8, will assure correct alignment of the switch 29 and the hyphen key 28.

Other parts shown in FIG. 9 are the slotted opening 218 for entry of the bridge 213, the insulating separator 219, a threaded section 201 in the housing 29, to receive the screw 220, the split metallic sections 208, designed to fit loosely around the elevator 207, and the shortened section 202 to fit into the metallic section 208, which is spot welded after assembly.

As seen in FIG. 12, the parts 207 and 208 can rotate relative to each other, but the upper section of the housing can rise or fall because of the elevator feature of the part 207, thus making possible any vertical adjustment by means of pins, which can be inserted into the holes 206.

Assuming that the hyphen switch 29 and the electronic relay 8 perform as planned, the analysis of the operating circuit may be considered.

DESCRIPTION OF THE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT In starting typing operations, before plugging the connecting cord into the power line, all three switches, 54, and 157 must be in the off position, for reasons that will become evident as the analysis proceeds.

The plugs are inserted into the outlet 51 and the pronged inlet 52, which is located in the right pedestal 3, seen in FIG. 1.

With all switches open, switch 54 is closed, and is followed by switches 90 and 157 in either order. The closing of switch 54 causes the powering of the control packs, 65 and 78, and is indicated by illumination of the pilot lights 57, denoting that power has entered the set, and, of 69 and 82, that the respective control packs, 65 and 78, have been energized.

In addition to the three pilot lights, a fourth pilot light, 98, will flash once. It is the pilot light for the lines line counter 95.

Because it is indispensable that a line of type be counted in advance of the typing, it is necessary for the switch 90 to be in the off position, at the start, as shown in FIG. 15. If switch 90 is in the second position before the starting switch 54 is closed, the line counter would be short by l at the end.

The requirement of an advance count for the lines production is based on the supposition that a typist is not likely to shift the platen in order to record the last line of type on a page.

Therefore, in order to make this operation completely automatic, the registering of the first line of type is made to occur with the closing of the switch 54, after which all lines of type are to be counted at the start of a line.

If the switch 90 is not in the position shown in FIG. 15, the counter 95 cannot receive that initial impulse since the electronic relay 88 is energized momentarily by the closing of switch 54.

The indicated circuit for the first registration starts from the outlet 51, passes thru the cord 50, the pronged inlet 52, lead wire 53, switch 54, lead wires 55 and 59, up the left side of the line to lead wire 85, through the contacts 86 and 87 of the momentarily-operated relay 88, lead wire 89, the contacts 90 and 91 of the two-way switch, lead wires 92 and 93, lead wire 94, the counter 95, and also, for the parallel circuit, through lead wire 97, pilot light 98, and lead wires 99 and 100 to the right side of the line.

The line counter 95 has started its lines count in advance, so that the last line of type ona page is assured of a recording. I

Switch 90 is reversed directly after switch 54 is closed, so that, thereafter, switch 90 no part in the counting of lines.

Why switch 157 also was included in the directions will be seen when that part of the circuit is considered on operation of the spacer bar.

When switch 54 is closed, both control packs are energized, and in that initial surge of power, the relay 88 in control pack 78 and the relay 155 in control pack 65 are activated.

Since the shutter 48 normally blacks out the transmitter-receiver unit 21, the energizing of relay 88 is only instantaneous and the relay is deenergized instantly, and operating just long enough to permit the line counter 95 to record the first line of type in advance.

The relay 155, remains in operated position, since its shutter 8 is in the up position normally. In this position, the initial surge of power would cause the space counter 169 to record falsely if switch 157 is in the closed position, before closure of switch 54.

The control pack 65 produces no action in its normal condition since it has no operating load circuit for its relay 155.

After this preliminary introduction, the typist may start typing with no further concern regarding the switches.

When the letter T of the word The is typed by depressing that key, the downward stroke of the key will cause the shutter 48 to expose the transmitter-receiver unit 21 to the reflected beam from the reflector 25.

Energizing the transmitter-receiver unit 21 causes the relay 88 to close its contacts, 86 and 87, and closes a circuit from the left side of the line, through lead .wire

85, the contacts 86 and 87, lead wire 89, the then shifted contact 90, of the two-way switch, lead wires 101, 102, 103, and 104, relay winding 105, lead wire 106, together with the multiple branches, lead wire 107, pilot light 108, lead wires 109, 110 and 111, the

character or symbol counter 112, lead wires 113 and 114, lead wire 115, pilot light 116, lead wires 117 and 118 to the right side of the line.

The character counter 112 has records the typing of the letter I. lts pilot light 116 as well as the other light flashes once, while the relay 105 operates and is released.

However, the relay 105, in closing its contacts has closes a circuit from the left side of the line, through lead wire 119, its make-contacts 120 and 121, lead wires 122 and 123, the windings of relay 124, lead wire 125, and, also through its associated parallel circuit, through the lead wire 126, the pilot light 127 and the lead wires 128 and 129, the closed contacts, 130 and 131, of the idle space relay 162, and lead wire 132 to the right side of the line.

Relay 124 is operated, and its pilot light 127 is illumi nated.

However, relay 124, which controls the operation of the word counter 145, must remain in energized position for the duration of the typed word.

Its locking circuit starts at the left side of the line, passes through lead wire 133, the contacts 134 and 135 of the platen switch 36, lead wires 136 and 137, the make-contacts 138 and 139 of the relay 124, its own windings, lead wires and 129, the still closed contacts and 131 of the idle space relay 162, lead wire 132 to the right side of the line.

Relay 124 is then locked. The operating condition of the relay 124 energizes the word counter and in its locked condition maintains the word counter 145 energized while the rest of the word The is being typed.

In this operation, both pilot lights, 127 and 148, remain illuminated for the duration of the typed word. The circuit for operation of the word 145 is from the right side of the line, lead wire 140, the make-contacts 141 and 142 of relay 124, lead wires 143 and 144, the word counter 145, lead wire 146, and, its pilot light, by way of the lead wire 147, the pilot light 148 and the lead wires 149 and 150 to the left side of the line. The word counter 145 thus records its first word.

With the word The completed, provision to type the succeeding word is made by depressing the spacer bar. This gives the control pack 65 its first action.

Lowering the shutter 8 by depressing the spacer bar darkens the electric eye, causing the release of its relay 155. Closing the contacts 153 and 154 closes a circuit from the right side of the line, through lead wire 152, the closed contacts 153 and 154, lead wire 156, the closed switch 157, lead wires, 158, 159, and 161, the windings of the space relay 162, lead wire 163, and the multiple circuits, through lead wire 164, pilot light 165, lead wires 166 and 167, also lead wire 168, the space counter 169, lead wire 170, and, finally, lead wire 171, pilot light 172 and lead wires, 173, 174 and 175 to the left side of the line.

The space counter 169 thus records its first blank space, the two pilot lights and 172 flash, while the idle space relay 162 has had its first assignment.

Operation of the space relay 162 cuts off the original operating circuit for the word counter relay 124, which then awaits the typing of the next word.

The other circuit for completing a word count is based on the shifting of the platen to start a new line of type. This typing action causes the platen to trip the trigger 37 of the switch platen 36, opening the circuit, which, previously, had locked the word counter relay 124.

When the platen is shifted to release the relay word counter 124, when the line ends with a completed word, said relay also counts the typed line in advance. When the first line is recorded, it is via a circuit with the switch 90 in the position shown in FIG. 15. I

However, all other line counts could not occur via this circuit, since the switch 90 must be shifted to its second position to make possible the operation of the character and word counters 112 and 145.

Hence, upon the shifting of the platen, tripping of the trigger 37 causes current to flow from the left side of the line, via lead wire 133, the contact 134, the contact 151, lead wires 93 and 94, the line counter 95 and lead wires 96 and 100 to the right side of the line.

The counter 95 registers the line second start of a line of type while its pilot light flashes once.

Normally, both the spacer bar and the platen switch can open the operating and locking circuits, respectively, to deenergize the relay 124 and the word counter 145. This action would be most undesirable however in the event of an incomplete word ending in a hyphen.

ln the foregoing discussion, the relationship of the hyphen switch 29 to the electronic relay 88 deals with the matter of overlapping cycles, and, it appears that, with proper design, the desired conditions could be fulfilled.

It is assumed that the word catspaw is being typed, and, at the end of a line, appears as cats-. Due to the presence of an incomplete word, the operations of either the platen switch 36 or the spacer bar 7 must be nullified if an accurate word count is to be had.

Assuming, that the fragmentary part of the word has been typed, the relay 124 is locked as is its satellite word counter 145.

The hyphen key is depressed, closing the hyphen switch 29 by bridging its contacts 177 and 178. At this point, the relay 181 is operated by-a circuit starting at the left side of the line, through lead wire 176, the contacts 177 and 178 of the hyphen switch 29, lead wires 179 and 180, the relay winding 181, lead wire 7 182, also lead wire 183, pilot light 184 and lead wires 185 and 186 to the right side of the line.

On the up-stroke of the hyphen key, the shutter 48 is well on its way to darkening the transmitter-receiver unit 21, while the hyphen switch 29 maintainsits closed contacts beyond the point of closure of the relay contacts 186 and 187.

This permits the locking of relay 181, in a circuit, starting at the left side of the line, thru lead wire 85, the closed contacts 187 and 188 of relay 88, lead wire 189, the make contacts 190 and 191 of relay 181, the windings of relay 181, lead wires 182 and 186 to the right side of the line.

The hyphen relay 181 is locked. The only method of deenergizing the relay 181 is, the opening of the contacts 187 and 188.

With the word catsappearing at the end of the line, shifting the platen to start a new line of type does not release the relay 124.

The hyphen switch 29 makes it possible to replace the current from either side of the line as hereinafter described.

At the junction point between the lead wires 125 and 129, current is provided from the right side of the line through the closed contacts 130 and 131 of the space relay 162;

If the spacer bar 7 causes the contacts 130 and 131 to be opened, the hyphen relay 181 provides a substitute course via the lead wire 199. The circuit is from the right side of the line, through lead wire 196, the contacts 197 and 198 of the relay 181, lead wire 199 to the afore-mentioned junction point, thus assuring a continuance of a source of current from the right side.

If the platen switch 36 cuts off the locking current 6 from the left side of the line, the hyphen relay 181 maintains the supply from that direction to hold the relay 124 in its locked position.

The key to this is the junction of the two lead wires, 136 and 137. The alternate circuit for the relay 124, then, is from the left side of the line, through lead wire 192, the makecontacts 193 and 194 of the hyphen relay 181 and lead wire 195 to the key junction point.

The relay 124 and the word counter are maintained in energized condition, and the platen is shifted. The typist types the letter p, and, and causes the shutter 48 to expose the transmitter-receiver unit 21 to the reflected light from the reflector 25.

The relay 88 is energized, breaking its contacts 187 and 188, releasing the hyphen relay 181 and restoring the circuit to normal.

If the typist wishes to make an erasure, all three switches must be restored to the off position. The erasures then are made, thereby permitting the typed material to be restored to balance with the counting meters.

While the invention has been described by means of specific examples and in specific embodiments, I do not wish to be limited thereto, for obvious modifications will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

1 claim:

1. A counting system for determining the quantity of printed material produced by a printing machine having a plurality of keys for printing characters, a spacer bar for providing spaces between words, a platen and a hyphen key, said counting system comprising a character counter for counting characters printed by the keys;

- a character counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the character counter and control means including photoelectric means controlled by the keys for printing characters for controlling the operation of the character counter energizing circuit;

a word counter for counting words formed by characters printed by the keys;

a word counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the word counter and control means including a photoelectric means controlled by the keys for controlling the operation of the word counter energizing circuit;

a line counter for counting the lines of words printed by the keys;

line counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the line counter and control means including a starting switch and means controlled by the starting switch at the start of a line only and controlled by the platen after the start of a line for controlling the operation of the line counter energizing circuit;

a space counter for counting the spaces between the words printed by the keys; and

a space counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the space counter, control means including photoelectric means controlled by the spacer bar for controlling the operation of the space counter energizing circuit, and means for deenergizing the word counter circuit.

2. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising hyphen switch means coupled to the hyphen key and controlled thereby and connected in the word counter energizing circuit for preventing the opening of the word counter energizing circuit when the hyphen key is depressed.

3. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control means controlled by the keys comprises relay means having relay contacts connected in the corresponding energizing circuit, photoresponsive means connected to and controlling the relay means, light reflecting means spaced from the photoresponsive means, light beam producing means in proximity with the photoresponsive means for producing and directing a beam of light onto the reflecting means for reflection back to the photoresponsive means and shutter means coupled to a key and interposed in the path of the light beam between the light beam producing means and the reflecting means for blocking the transmission of the light beam to the photoresponsive means via the reflecting means, said shutter means being moved out of the path of the light beam by the depression of the key.

4. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control means controlled by the spacer bar comprises relay means having relay contacts connected to the corresponding energizing circuit, photoresponsive means connected to and controlling the relay means, light reflecting means spaced from the photoresponsive means, light beam producing means in proximity with the photoresponsive means for producing and directing a beam of light onto the reflecting means for reflection back to the photoresponsive means and shutter means coupled to the spacer bar and interposed in the path of the light beam between the light beam producing means and the reflecting means for blocking the transmission of the light beam to the photoresponsive means via the reflecting means, said shutter means being moved into the path of the light beam by the depression of the spacer bar.

5. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a source of electrical power, and wherein the energizing circuit of the space counter control circuit comprises an electronic relay having make and break contacts normally connected in an open circuit and in no load connection, the starting switch being connected between the source of power and the make contacts of the electronic relay, an additional switch coupled to and controlled by the spacer bar, and a space counter relay having the space counter being connected between the additional switch and the energizing means of the space counter relay.

6. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a source of electrical power, and wherein the line counter control circuit comprises a starting switch for initially controlling its operation, and wherein the energizing circuit of the line counter control circuit comprises a starting switch connected to the source of power, an electronic relay having energizing means and relay contacts, two way switch means connected via the relay contacts of the electronic relay to the starting switch and connected to the line counter, and means coupling the platen to the two-way switch means in a manner whereby the two-way switch means is in circuit closing position, initially, at the start of a line, and is in its opposite circuit closing position after the start of a line.

7. A counting system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hyphen switch means includes rapid-acting contacts, and further comprising the starting switch, the rapid-acting contacts of the hyphen switch means,

and a hyphen relay having energizing means connected to the starting switch via the contacts of the hyphen switch means and make and break contacts.

8. A counting system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a hyphen relay locking circuit comprising the starting switch and an electronic relay having energizing means and slower-operating break contacts, the make contacts of the hyphen relay being connected to the starting switch via the break contacts of the electronic relay.

9. A counting system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the energizing circuit of the character counter control circuit is connected to the character counter and comprises the starting switch connected to the source of power via the relay contacts of the electronic relay having energizing means and relay contacts and the twoway switch means in its opposite position, and a character counter relay having energizing means and make and break contacts, the energizing means of the character counter relay being connected between the twoway switch means and the character counter.

10. A counting system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the energizing circuit of the word counter control circuit comprises the make contacts of the character counter relay, a word counter relay having energizing means connected to the starting switch via the contacts of the character counter relay and the break contacts of a space counter relay having energizing means and make and break contacts, said word counter relay having make and break contacts.

11. A counting system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the energizing circuit of the word counter control circuit comprises the make contacts of the word counter relay connected between the energizing means of the word counter relay and the word counter.

12. A counting system as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a hyphen relay having energizing means and make and break contacts and a replacement locking circuit for the word counter relay comprising the make contacts of the hyphen relay, the make contacts of the word counter relay, the break contacts of the space counter relay and the energizing means of the word counter relay connected to the make contacts of the hyphen relay via the break contacts of the space counter relay.

13. A counting system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the energizing circuit of the word counter control circuit further comprises a word counter relay locking circuit including a starting switch connected to the source of power, means coupling the platen to the starting switch, the make contacts of the word counter relay, the break contacts of the space counter relay and the energizing means of the word counter relay connected to the starting switch via its make contacts and the break contacts of the space counter relay.

14. A counting system as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a second replacement locking circuit for the word counter relay comprising the make contacts of the hyphen relay, the make contacts of the word counter relay, means coupled to the platen and controlled by the platen and the energizing'means of the word counter relay and connected to the starting switch via the make contacts of the word counter relay, and means coupled to the platen and controlled by the platen and the make contacts of the hyphen relay. 

1. A counting system for determining the quantity of printed material produced by a printing machine having a plurality of keys for printing characters, a spacer bar for providing spaces between words, a platen and a hyphen key, said counting system comprising a character counter for counting characters printed by the keys; a character counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the character counter and control means including photoelectric means controlled by the keys for printing characters for controlling the operation of the character counter energizing circuit; a word counter for counting words formed by characters printed by the keys; a word counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the word counter and control means including a photoelectric means controlled by the keys for controlling the operation of the word counter energizing circuit; a line counter for counting the lines of words printed by the keys; a line counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the line counter and control means including a starting switch and means controlled by the starting switch at the start of a line only and controlled by the platen after the start of a line for controlling the operation of the line counter energizing circuit; a space counter for counting the spaces between the words printed by the keys; and a space counter control circuit comprising an energizing circuit for the space counter, control means including photoelectric means controlled by the spacer bar for controlling the operation of the space counter energizing circuit, and means for deenergizing the word counter circuit.
 2. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising hyphen switch means coupled to the hyphen key and controlled thereby and connected in the word counter energizing circuit for preventing the opening of the word counter energizing circuit when the hyphen key is depressed.
 3. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control means controlled by the keys comprises relay means having relay contacts connected in the corresponding energizing circuit, photoresponsive means connected to and controlling the relay means, light reflecting means spaced from the photoresponsive means, light beam producing means in proximity with the photoresponsive means for producing and directing a beam of light onto the reflecting means for reflection back to the photoresponsive means and shutter means coupled to a key and interposed in the path of the light beam between the light beam producing means and the reflecting means for blocking the transmission of the light beam to the photoresponsive means via the reflecting means, said shutter means being moved out of the path of the light beam by the depression of the key.
 4. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control means controlled by the spacer bar comprises relay means having relay contacts connected to the corresponding energizing circuit, photoresponsive means connected to and controlling the relay means, light reflectiNg means spaced from the photoresponsive means, light beam producing means in proximity with the photoresponsive means for producing and directing a beam of light onto the reflecting means for reflection back to the photoresponsive means and shutter means coupled to the spacer bar and interposed in the path of the light beam between the light beam producing means and the reflecting means for blocking the transmission of the light beam to the photoresponsive means via the reflecting means, said shutter means being moved into the path of the light beam by the depression of the spacer bar.
 5. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a source of electrical power, and wherein the energizing circuit of the space counter control circuit comprises an electronic relay having make and break contacts normally connected in an open circuit and in no load connection, the starting switch being connected between the source of power and the make contacts of the electronic relay, an additional switch coupled to and controlled by the spacer bar, and a space counter relay having the space counter being connected between the additional switch and the energizing means of the space counter relay.
 6. A counting system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a source of electrical power, and wherein the line counter control circuit comprises a starting switch for initially controlling its operation, and wherein the energizing circuit of the line counter control circuit comprises a starting switch connected to the source of power, an electronic relay having energizing means and relay contacts, two way switch means connected via the relay contacts of the electronic relay to the starting switch and connected to the line counter, and means coupling the platen to the two-way switch means in a manner whereby the two-way switch means is in circuit closing position, initially, at the start of a line, and is in its opposite circuit closing position after the start of a line.
 7. A counting system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hyphen switch means includes rapid-acting contacts, and further comprising the starting switch, the rapid-acting contacts of the hyphen switch means, and a hyphen relay having energizing means connected to the starting switch via the contacts of the hyphen switch means and make and break contacts.
 8. A counting system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a hyphen relay locking circuit comprising the starting switch and an electronic relay having energizing means and slower-operating break contacts, the make contacts of the hyphen relay being connected to the starting switch via the break contacts of the electronic relay.
 9. A counting system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the energizing circuit of the character counter control circuit is connected to the character counter and comprises the starting switch connected to the source of power via the relay contacts of the electronic relay having energizing means and relay contacts and the two-way switch means in its opposite position, and a character counter relay having energizing means and make and break contacts, the energizing means of the character counter relay being connected between the two-way switch means and the character counter.
 10. A counting system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the energizing circuit of the word counter control circuit comprises the make contacts of the character counter relay, a word counter relay having energizing means connected to the starting switch via the contacts of the character counter relay and the break contacts of a space counter relay having energizing means and make and break contacts, said word counter relay having make and break contacts.
 11. A counting system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the energizing circuit of the word counter control circuit comprises the make contacts of the word counter relay connected between the energizing means of the word counter relay and the word counter.
 12. A counting system as claimed in claim 10, furtheR comprising a hyphen relay having energizing means and make and break contacts and a replacement locking circuit for the word counter relay comprising the make contacts of the hyphen relay, the make contacts of the word counter relay, the break contacts of the space counter relay and the energizing means of the word counter relay connected to the make contacts of the hyphen relay via the break contacts of the space counter relay.
 13. A counting system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the energizing circuit of the word counter control circuit further comprises a word counter relay locking circuit including a starting switch connected to the source of power, means coupling the platen to the starting switch, the make contacts of the word counter relay, the break contacts of the space counter relay and the energizing means of the word counter relay connected to the starting switch via its make contacts and the break contacts of the space counter relay.
 14. A counting system as claimed in claim 12, further comprising a second replacement locking circuit for the word counter relay comprising the make contacts of the hyphen relay, the make contacts of the word counter relay, means coupled to the platen and controlled by the platen and the energizing means of the word counter relay and connected to the starting switch via the make contacts of the word counter relay, and means coupled to the platen and controlled by the platen and the make contacts of the hyphen relay. 